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About EpCAM
EpCAM (Epithelial cell adhesion molecule), is also known as TACSTD1 (tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 1), CD326 (cluster of differentiation) etc. It is a transmembrane glycoprotein of ~40 kDa encoded by the GA-733-2 gene and isotype Ca2+ non-dependent cell adhesion molecule. In addition to its role in intercellular adhesion, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that EpCAM plays an important role in cell signaling, proliferation, differentiation, organ formation and maintenance. EpCAM is expressed in a variety of epithelial tissues and is also a cell surface marker for a variety of stem and progenitor cells. Mutations in the human EpCAM gene are associated with congenital plexiform enteropathy. EpCAM is also highly expressed in epithelial tumor tissues and plays a role in epithelial carcinogenesis, promoting tumor proliferation and is functional for tumorigenesis and metastasis. It can be used as a diagnostic marker and potential prognostic marker for a variety of tumors and a target for immunotherapy. EpCAM is one of the most frequently and strongly expressed tumor-associated antigens and can be observed in more than 90% of common cancers that cause malignant ascites and malignant pleural fluid.
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